Birthdate: 0200 BC
Birthplace: Megalopolis, Greece
Died: 0118 BC
Polybius, a celebrated Greek historian from the middle Hellenistic period, is best recognized for his renowned work, The Histories. This universal history meticulously detailed the ascension of Rome in the Mediterranean region during the third and second centuries BC, encompassing significant events across Italy, Iberia, Greece, Macedonia, Syria, Egypt, and Africa. Polybius’s insightful analysis of constitutional evolution, division of powers, and governmental checks and balances left a lasting imprint on political philosophy, influencing seminal works like Montesquieu’s The Spirit of the Laws, John Locke’s Two Treatises of Government, and the architects of the United States Constitution. Additionally, he served as a trusted advisor and mentor to Scipio Africanus the Younger, offering invaluable counsel that significantly influenced his decision-making and overall trajectory.
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